Oxygen tolerance mechanisms of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacgteria
The anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) processes possess the advantage of energy and carbon savings which conventional nitrogen removal process does not. Anammox bacteria can use nitrite as the electron acceptor in ammonia-oxidizing reactions and produce nitrogen gas. As its name shows, anammox bacteria is preferably living in an anaerobic environment. Some unfavorable environmental factors such as oxidative stress can repress anammox activity. In recent studies, however, anammox has the ability of resistance and resilience to adverse unfavorable environmental conditions.