We try to produce metal directly from the oxides such as Ti, Ta and V oxides which were thought difficult. Using a new concept of calciothermic reduction in the molten salt and of electrolysis of the by-product, CaO, we propose the ideas to produce the metallic or alloy powder without any waste, or to recylce the waste materials. The goal is to reduce the energy consumption for preparation of these materials.

We will look for the best material for energy conversion from heat directly to electricity. We propose the theoretical design for the thermoelectric power generation system using the waste heat in the industries.

Huge energy in Iron and Steelmaking process is consuming in the world. It is about 15% for the total energy consumption in Japan, which means the importance of 'iron' in the industrial society. And also it means the small amount of energy saving in the Ironmaking process can contribute the whole county in terms of CO₂ reduction. In this laboratory, Fundamental studies on the new Ironmaking process, which relates to the ultra-high reaction rate and low reaction temperature, were performed.

Thermodynamic coupling is occurring in the space of a facing interface (pair) between iron oxide and carbon. The gasification reaction occurs from 650^oC, which is lower than the single reaction of carbon (graphite:950^oC).

When the distance of reaction interface between iron oxide and carbon is close to the order of atomic, not only the reaction temperature, but also the rate of reaction decrease extremely. This situation can be attained by a nano-reaction between iron oxide and carbon.

Nuclear power generation is expected for future energy source because of low CO₂ gas emission. To extend the life time of atomic power reactors, development of materials with high radiation damage registance is studied using by ion accelarators and high voltage transmision electron microscope. Surface modification and development of nano materials were studied using by ion accelarators.